All manuscripts submitted to JVLE are screened for similarity using Turnitin before being sent to reviewers, and again before publication.

•    The maximum acceptable overall similarity index is 20%, excluding the reference list and quotations, with no single source exceeding 3%.

•    Manuscripts with a similarity index above the threshold will be returned to the authors for revision or rejected, depending on the nature of the overlap.

•    Similarity with the authors' own previous publications (self-plagiarism) and duplicate or redundant publication are treated as misconduct.

•    Theses and dissertations of the authors may be the basis of an article, but the text must be rewritten and the source declared.

•    Plagiarism found after publication will lead to retraction of the article in accordance with COPE guidelines.

Authors are advised to check their manuscript for similarity before submission.